De grotschilderingen, rotstekeningen en archeologische vindplaatsen laten de vaardigheden en de manier van leven zien van de bewoners in de regio's van het park. Van de jagers-verzamelaars uit de prehistorie tot de Aboriginals die er vandaag de dag nog steeds wonen.
Het Nationaal park Kakadu is een uniek voorbeeld van een stelsel van verschillende ecosystemen bestaand uit wadden, uiterwaarden, laaglanden en plateaus. Het park is daarnaast de habitat voor een groot aantal zeldzame of inheemse plant- en diersoorten.
Source: unesco. Kakadu National Park is a living cultural landscape with exceptional natural and cultural values. Detailed paintings reveal insights into hunting and gathering practices, social structure and ritual ceremonies of Indigenous societies from the Pleistocene Epoch until the present.
The park also has a huge diversity of flora and is one of the least impacted areas of the northern part of the Australian continent. Its spectacular scenery includes landscapes of arresting beauty, with escarpments up to metres high extending in a jagged and unbroken line for hundreds of kilometres. The hunting-and-gathering tradition demonstrated in the art and archaeological record is a living anthropological tradition that continues today, which is rare for hunting-and-gathering societies worldwide.
Australian and global comparisons indicate that the large number and diversity of features of anthropological, art and archaeological sites many of which include all three site types , and the quality of preservation, is exceptional. Many of the art and archaeological sites of the park are thousands of years old, showing a continuous temporal span of the hunting and gathering tradition from the Pleistocene Era until the present.
While these sites exhibit great diversity, both in space and through time, the overwhelming picture is also one of a continuous cultural development. Criterion vi : The rock art and archaeological record is an exceptional source of evidence for social and ritual activities associated with hunting and gathering traditions of Aboriginal people from the Pleistocene era until the present day.
Criterion vii : Kakadu National Park contains a remarkable contrast between the internationally recognised Ramsar—listed wetlands and the spectacular rocky escarpment and its outliers.
The vast expanse of wetlands to the north of the park extends over tens of kilometres and provides habitat for millions of waterbirds. The escarpment consists of vertical and stepped cliff faces up to metres high and extends in a jagged and unbroken line for hundreds of kilometres. The plateau areas behind the escarpment are inaccessible by vehicle and contain large areas with no human infrastructure and limited public access.
The views from the plateau are breathtaking. Criterion ix : The property incorporates significant elements of four major river systems of tropical Australia.
These floodplains illustrate the ecological and geomorphological effects that have accompanied Holocene climate change and sea level rise. The Kakadu region has had relatively little impact from European settlement, in comparison with much of the Australian continent. With extensive and relatively unmodified natural vegetation and largely intact faunal composition, the park provides a unique opportunity to investigate large-scale evolutionary processes in a relatively intact landscape.
Criterion x : The park is unique in protecting almost the entire catchment of a large tropical river and has one of the widest ranges of habitats and greatest number of species documented of any comparable area in tropical northern Australia.
The property encompasses all the natural and cultural attributes necessary to convey its outstanding universal value. The rock art and archaeological sites are not under threat.
The natural attributes of the property are in good condition, with pressures from adjacent land uses, invasive species and tourism needing ongoing attention. Some past land degradation from small-scale mining and over-stocking that occurred in the area that was included in the property in has been addressed through restoration measures.
As is the case for many protected areas, the straight-line boundaries of Kakadu are artificial ones. They relate to a long history of administrative land use decisions with the Northern Territory Government and the Arnhem Land aboriginal reservation. The local Aboriginal people have been living on this land for over 65, years. According to local Indigenous stories, Kakadu has existed since the Creation Time, or the Beginning, when their creation ancestors travelled across the landscape.
The Rainbow Serpent carved out the landscape for all creatures, and Namarrgon started the violent lightning storms that brings rain to the region each summer. Kakadu is home to the oldest living culture on Earth.
In the south live the Mungguy people, while the Bininj people live in the north. Many of the local Indigenous people live in the townships within the park while other live in more remote areas.
Caring and understanding the land is fundamental in Aboriginal culture, and no matter where they live, the traditional owners have deep understanding and connection to land. Within the park there are approximately 19 clan groups. Clans generally consist of two or more family groups sharing ownership of certain areas of land, these clan boundaries are passed down generations through the father.
The clans within Kakadu have a complex kinship system that determines how individuals relate to each other. This kinship system dictates the ways in which individuals communicate and identify people as mothers, fathers, uncles, cousins, potential marriage partners, and so on.
Kinship governs day-to-day communication in Mungguy and Bininj culture. Tradition, responsibilities and culture are incredibly important to the Aboriginal people residing in Kakadu.
This land has been theirs for thousands of years and you should respect their culture when visiting. Before European settlement 12 languages were spoken in the Kakadu area, today only three are regularly spoken. Gun-djeihmi and Kun-winjku are spoken at the northern end of Kakadu and are regarded as dialects because speakers can understand each other.
Jawoyn however is a separate language only spoken in the southern parts of the park. Though the Mungguy and Bininj people are happy to share their culture with non-Aboriginals, and welcome them to Kakadu, many stories and sites are only for the initiated and secrets must be respected. Cultural centres are a great place to learn more about Kakadu and its cultural heritage before setting of on your journey.
There are two cultural centres in the park, each teaching visitors about different things. The first stop for any Kakadu trip should be the Warradjan Cultural Centre. Here you will learn about the relationship between resident Aboriginal groups and the land around them. Learn more about local Aboriginal culture and traditions in their unique exhibitions. The Centre uses contemporary museum techniques, such as video and interactive exhibits, to display personal stories, traditions, bush tucker and more.
Designed to showcase both the Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal views of the park, it is hoped you leave the centre with a better understanding that we must look after the country of the Kakadu region. Centre staff will help you plan walks and activities through the park, as well as answer any questions you may have about your time in Kakadu. Hit the Pools. Kakadu is renowned for its selection of pretty plunge pools that are perfect for cooling off in.
The wet season brings an abundance of water that sees falls violently flowing and pools flooding over. As the dry season rolls in the pools and falls calm to become some of the best places to cool down in the days heat. Kakadu is the language of the First Nation people who lived in the north western section of the park.
As such it probably doesn't have a specific meaning. There are alternative spellings: "Kakudju" or "Gagadju" and, officially, "Gagudju". There is a logic, and natural sequence, to exploring Kakadu. Most visitors come to the park from Darwin and, if they are systematic, they can complete a round trip with diversions off to Ubirr gallery and Jim Jim Falls and depart from the park heading towards Katherine and Pine Creek.
They will view the attractions as follows:. South Alligator River and Aurora 2. Jabiru 3. Ubirr 4. Nourlangie 5. Yellow Water 6. Jim Jim and Twin Falls 7. Mary River. Background to the Park Kakadu National Park has five natural geological sub-regions. The Plateau - The plateau of the park is a rugged sandstone formation which rises to a height of m from the lower lands to the north and produces the park's most impressive scenery. The main Kakadu escarpment runs for over km and is characterised by waterfalls and deep gorges.
The caves along the escarpment have been shelter for the traditional owners of the region who have painted many of the caves with pictures of great antiquity and beauty. The plateau has been subjected to severe tropical weathering which has created honeycombing in the rock surfaces and exposed ancient rock formations. The Lowlands - The lowlands lie in the northern section of the park and are a vast eroded plain with a few rocky outcrops.
They lie to the north of the main Kakadu escarpment. The Floodplain - The floodplain of the three Alligator Rivers and their tributaries lies to the north of the plateau and experiences the monsoonal rains which occur between November and March.
During "The Wet" the floodplain turns into a vast expanse of water. In the dry season this flooded area is reduced to a series of permanent billabongs. It is an area saturated by salt water which means it is characterised by mangroves and small areas of hardy rainforest which can survive in sandy saline soils. The Southern Hills and Basins - The southern extremity of the park is characterised by undulating hills and basins covered in low lying woodland with large areas of harsh stony country.
The Best Time To Visit It is generally accepted that the best time to visit the park is at the end of the dry season when the birds are forced to congregate in the ever-diminishing wetland waterholes. This makes visits to the waterholes an unforgettable experience for bird watchers. During the dry season there is still selective burning off of the bush in Kakadu which can mean that parts of the park are smudged by smoke.
In the wet season large areas of the park are closed to the public. The South Alligator River is the first river visitors experience when they enter the park from Darwin. The river is rich with local wildlife and it is common to see buffalo, jabiru, cockatoos, white egrets, magpie geese and whistler ducks.
The South Alligator River is home to nearly all the magpie geese in Australia during the dry season. One survey found over , birds in a relatively small area of the floodplain. It is a bird hide and is located only metres from the car park. The Observation Point has a shaded platform from where it is possible to observe the birdlife on the edge of the wetlands. The observation point has wall charts to help the visitor identify the bird species on the lake. There is also a 3 km hours easy walk beside the wetlands.
This, too, is ideal for observing the birdlife. Jabiru Jabiru, a mining settlement, is the one town in Kakadu National Park. It is named after the First Nation word for a large native bird sometimes known as the black-necked stork or the 'policeman-bird'. In uranium was discovered at Ranger in Arnhem Land.
The following year more uranium was discovered at Jabiluka. For the next decade a debate raged over whether the uranium should be mined. In a Commonwealth Commission of Inquiry into mining at Ranger was established. In it was agreed that mining could go ahead with substantial royalties being paid to the Northern Land Council.
The following year the Northern Land Council approved uranium mining at Jabiluka however the Commonwealth Government was not happy about the situation.
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